Commands tagged bash (821)

  • use it to add a random boolean switch to your script Show Sample Output


    4
    echo $[RANDOM % 2]
    anapsix · 2013-05-25 19:15:57 9
  • This type of join is clearly documented in the bash manual. Only the first character of IFS is used for the delimiter. Show Sample Output


    4
    (IFS=,; echo "${array[*]}")
    aspiers · 2013-09-25 10:36:38 10

  • 4
    ps -p $$
    maverick · 2013-10-17 10:45:22 9

  • 4
    curl ipinfo.io/<ipaddress>
    coderholic · 2013-10-31 05:18:07 6
  • Simply sourcing .bashrc does not function correctly when you edit it and change an alias for a function or the other way round with the *same name*. I therefor use this function. Prior to re-sourcing .bashrc it unsets all aliases and functions.


    4
    bashrc-reload() { builtin unalias -a; builtin unset -f $(builtin declare -F | sed 's/^.*declare[[:blank:]]\+-f[[:blank:]]\+//'); . ~/.bashrc; }
    Xk2c · 2014-03-02 14:24:18 9
  • Shows "Bang!" in a chance of 1 out of 6, like in the original game with the gun (spin every round). Otherwise, echoes "Click...". If feeling brave you can also do: [ $[ $RANDOM % 6 ] == 0 ] && echo 'Bang!' && a really killer command || echo 'Click...' Show Sample Output


    4
    [ $[ $RANDOM % 6 ] == 0 ] && echo 'Bang!' || echo 'Click...'
    paulera · 2016-03-23 11:09:56 29
  • Unlike other methods that use pipes and exec software like tr or sed or subshells, this is an extremely fast way to print a line and will always be able to detect the terminal width or else defaults to 80. It uses bash builtins for printf and echo and works with printf that supports the non-POSIX `-v` option to store result to var instead of printing to stdout. Here it is in a function that lets you change the line character to use and the length with args, it also supports color escape sequences with the echo -e option. function L() { local l=; builtin printf -vl "%${2:-${COLUMNS:-`tput cols 2>&-||echo 80`}}s\n" && echo -e "${l// /${1:-=}}"; } With color: L "`tput setaf 3`=" 1. Use printf to store n space chars followed by a newline to an environment variable "l" where n is local environment variable from $COLUMNS if set, else it will use `tput cols` and if that fails it will default to 80. 2. If printf succeeds then echo `$l` that contains the chars, replacing all blank spaces with "-" (can be changed to anything you want). From: http://www.askapache.com/linux/bash_profile-functions-advanced-shell.html http://www.askapache.com/linux/bash-power-prompt.html Show Sample Output


    4
    printf -vl "%${COLUMNS:-`tput cols 2>&-||echo 80`}s\n" && echo ${l// /-};
    AskApache · 2016-09-25 10:37:20 15
  • I didn't come up with this myself, but I always add this to my .bash_aliases file. It's essentially the same idea as running "sudo !!" except it's much easier to type. (You can't just alias "sudo !!", it doesn't really work for reasons I don't understand.) "fc" is a shell built-in for editing and re-running previous commands. The -l flag tells it to display the line rather than edit it, and the -n command tells it to omit the line number. -1 tells it to print the previous line. For more detail: help fc


    4
    alias please='sudo $(fc -ln -1)'
    suspenderguy · 2018-06-13 20:20:19 241

  • 4
    diff <(tree /dir/one) <(tree /dir/two)
    redraw · 2019-09-19 01:33:08 116
  • Cleanly create tempfiles using mktemp and remove them using traps instead of removing them in the end of the script. This way, you make sure the tempfiles are removed properly even if the script is killed or interrupted. For a user script in KDE4, you can set TMPROOT using : TMPROOT=$(kde4-config --path tmp)


    3
    TMPROOT=/tmp; TMPDIR=$(mktemp -d $TMPROOT/somedir.XXXXXX); TMPFILE=$(mktemp $TMPROOT/somefile.XXXXXX); trap "rm -rf $TMPDIR $TMPFILE; exit" INT TERM EXIT; some treatment using $TMPDIR and $TMPFILE; exit 0
    raphink · 2009-02-24 09:35:22 5
  • Useful to e.g. keep an eye on several logfiles. Show Sample Output


    3
    tail -f file1 (file2 .. fileN)
    hberth · 2009-03-02 11:13:42 7

  • 3
    sort file1.txt | uniq > file2.txt
    rain · 2009-03-14 20:24:06 17
  • The output of "echo $PATH" is hard to read, this is much easier. The parentheses ensure that the change to the input field separator (IFS) only happens the the sub shell and not affecting the current shell. Show Sample Output


    3
    ( IFS=:; for p in $PATH; do echo $p; done )
    haivu · 2009-03-19 22:45:47 8
  • Reads a username from Show Sample Output


    3
    read -p 'Username: ' u;sudo -H -u $u xauth add $(xauth list|grep :$(echo ${DISPLAY: -4:2}));sudo su - $u
    vutcovici · 2009-04-02 13:24:53 8
  • If you're like me and want to keep all your music rated, and you use xmms2, you might like this command. I takes 10 random songs from your xmms2 library that don't have any rating, and adds them to your current playlist. You can then rate them in another xmms2 client that supports rating (I like kuechenstation). I'm pretty sure there's a better way to do the grep ... | sed ... part, probably with awk, but I don't know awk, so I'd welcome any suggestions. Show Sample Output


    3
    xmms2 mlib search NOT +rating | grep -r '^[0-9]' | sed -r 's/^([0-9]+).*/\1/' | sort -R | head | xargs -L 1 xmms2 addid
    goodevilgenius · 2009-04-16 20:27:30 6
  • The command is useful when, e.g., booting an existing system with a rescue or installation CD where you need to chroot into the hard-disk and be able to do stuff which accesses kernel info (e.g. when installing Ubuntu desktop with LVM2 you need to mount and chroot the hard disk from a shell window in order to install packages and run initramfs inside chroot). The command assumes that /mnt/xxx is where the chroot'ed environment's root file system on the hard disk is mounted.


    3
    for i in sys dev proc; do sudo mount --bind /$i /mnt/xxx/$i; done
    amosshapira · 2009-04-20 16:52:14 14
  • It can be hard to spot differences in reformatted files, because of all the diff noise created by word wrapped lines. This command removes all the noise and performs a word-by-word diff. To ignore empty lines, add -B to the diff command. Also, if this is something you do often, you might want to check out the wdiff(1) program.


    3
    diff -uw <(fmt -1 {file1, file2})
    sunny256 · 2009-05-23 03:11:08 4
  • Chronic Bash function: chronic 3600 time # Print the time in your shell every hour chronic 60 updatedb > /dev/null # update slocate every minute Note: use 'jobs' to list background tasks and fg/bg to take control of them.


    3
    chronic () { t=$1; shift; while true; do $@; sleep $t; done & }
    rhythmx · 2009-06-13 05:57:54 16
  • Useful if non-ascii characters in filenames have been improperly encoded. Replace "PROBLEM" with the incorrect characters (e.g. 'é'), and "FIX" with the correct ones (e.g. '?').


    3
    for i in *;do mv "$i" "$(echo $i | sed s/PROBLEM/FIX/g)";done
    AlecSchueler · 2009-06-28 01:50:25 18
  • print multiple increasing years using cal - calendar -. You can also try seq Start Increment End


    3
    for y in $(seq 2009 2011); do cal $y; done
    JesusSuperstar · 2009-07-10 10:07:46 26
  • I wanted all the 'hidden' .flv files from the http link in the command line; wget seemed appropriate, fed with output from lynx, grep the flv files and the normalised via sed (to remove the numeric bullet). Similar to the 'Grab mp3 files' fu. Replace link with your own, grep arg with something more interesting ;) See here for something along the same lines... http://www.commandlinefu.com/commands/view/1006/grab-mp3-files-from-your-favorite-netcasts-mp3blog-or-sites-that-often-have-good-mp3s Hope you find it useful! Improvements welcome, naturally.


    3
    wget `lynx -dump http://www.ebow.com/ebowtube.php | grep .flv$ | sed 's/[[:blank:]]\+[[:digit:]]\+\. //g'`
    spaceyjase · 2009-08-02 14:09:53 4

  • 3
    find $MAILDIR/ -type f -printf '%T@ %p\n' | sort --reverse | sed -e '{ 1,100d; s/[0-9]*\.[0-9]* \(.*\)/\1/g }' | xargs -i sh -c "cat {}&&rm -f {}" | gzip -c >>ARCHIVE.gz
    maergil · 2009-08-11 20:12:15 3
  • Based on the MrMerry one, just add some visuals to differentiate files and directories


    3
    du -a --max-depth=1 | sort -n | cut -d/ -f2 | sed '$d' | while read i; do if [ -f $i ]; then du -h "$i"; else echo "$(du -h --max-depth=0 "$i")/"; fi; done
    nickwe · 2009-09-03 20:43:43 3
  • This pipeline will find, sort and display all files based on mtime. This could be done with find | xargs, but the find | xargs pipeline will not produce correct results if the results of find are greater than xargs command line buffer. If the xargs buffer fills, xargs processes the find results in more than one batch which is not compatible with sorting. Note the "-print0" on find and "-0" switch for perl. This is the equivalent of using xargs. Don't you love perl? Note that this pipeline can be easily modified to any data produced by perl's stat operator. eg, you could sort on size, hard links, creation time, etc. Look at stat and just change the '9' to what you want. Changing the '9' to a '7' for example will sort by file size. A '3' sorts by number of links.... Use head and tail at the end of the pipeline to get oldest files or most recent. Use awk or perl -wnla for further processing. Since there is a tab between the two fields, it is very easy to process. Show Sample Output


    3
    find $HOME -type f -print0 | perl -0 -wn -e '@f=<>; foreach $file (@f){ (@el)=(stat($file)); push @el, $file; push @files,[ @el ];} @o=sort{$a->[9]<=>$b->[9]} @files; for $i (0..$#o){print scalar localtime($o[$i][9]), "\t$o[$i][-1]\n";}'|tail
    drewk · 2009-09-21 22:11:16 11
  • cd to the folder containing the wav files, then convert them all to flac. yeah baby! in ubuntu, to get the flac program just: sudo apt-get install flac flac file input formats are wav, aiff, raw, flac, oga and ogg Show Sample Output


    3
    flac --best *.wav
    nickleus · 2009-11-11 14:17:24 9
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Maximum PNG compression with optipng, advpng, and advdef
optipng and advancecomp (for the the advpng and advdef tools) are the best FOSS tools for losslessly compressing PNGs. With the above tool chain, you can cut off as much as 20% off a PNG's file size.

View any already in progress copy command in detail
If you spot a dubious looking cp command running you can use this command to view what is being copied and to where. 1234 is the PID of the cp command being passed to the lsof utility. 3r.*REG will display the file/directory that is being read/copied. 4w.*REG will display the destination it is being written to.

format txt as table not joining empty columns
-n switch keeps empty columns If your distribution does not ship with a recent column version that supports -n you can use this alternative: perl -pe 's/(^|;);/$1 ;/g' file.csv | column -ts\; | less -S Change the delimiter to your liking.

Recompress all .gz files in current directory using bzip2 running 1 job per CPU core in parallel

Create a backdoor on a machine to allow remote connection to bash
My netcat (nc-1.84-10.fc6) doesn't have the -e option, so I have to do it like this. Of course, instead of bash, you can use any executable, including scripts.

run command on a group of nodes in parallel redirecting outputs
Do the same as pssh, just in shell syntax. Put your hosts in hostlist, one per line. Command outputs are gathered in output and error directories.

continuously print string as if being entered from the keyboard
Cycles continuously through a string printing each character with a random delay less than 1 second. First parameter is min, 2nd is max. Example: 1 3 means sleep random .1 to .3. Experiment with different values. The 3rd parameter is the string. The sleep will help with battery life/power consumption. $ cycle 1 3 $(openssl rand 100 | xxd -p) Fans of "The Shining" might get a kick out of this: $ cycle 1 4 ' All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy.'

Mirror the NASA Astronomy Picture of the Day Archive
Mirror the entire NASA Astronomy Picture of the Day archive, all the way from 1995. The archive is close to 2.5 GB, with lots of files, so give it some time. The logs can be redirected to a file using '-o somefile'. You might also want to try '-nH' and the '--cut-dirs' options

whowatch: Linux and UNIX interactive, process and users monitoring tool
whowatch is a interactive, ncurses-based, process and users monitoring tool, which updates information in real time. This is a perfect tool for local and remote servers. It displays information about the users currently logged on to the machine, in real-time. Besides standard information (login name, tty, host, user's process), the type of the connection (ie. telnet or ssh) is shown. Display of users command line can be switch to tty idle time. Certain user can be selected and his processes tree may be viewed as well as tree of all system processes. Tree may be displayed with additional column that shows owner of each process. In the process tree mode SIGINT and SIGKILL signals can be sent to the selected process. Killing processes is just as simple and fun as deleting lines on the screen.

Count git commits since specific commit


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