Commands tagged Debian (100)
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This function returns TRUE if the application supports tcp-wrapping or FALSE if not by reading the shared libraries used by this application. Show Sample Output
1supportsWrap(){ ldd `which ${1}` | grep "libwrap" &>/dev/null && return 0 || return 1; } -
If the first two letters are "ii", then the package is installed. You can also use wildcards. For example, .
dpkg -l openoffice*. Note that dpkg will usually not report packages which are available but uninstalled. If you want to see both which versions are installed and which versions are available, use this command instead: .apt-cache policy pythonShow Sample Output1dpkg -l python -
Trickle is here: http://monkey.org/~marius/pages/?page=trickle Trickle is a simple bandwidth limiter
1trickle sudo apt-get update -y -
locating packages held back, such as with "aptitude hold "
1aptitude search ~ahold -
The other commands were good, but they included packages that were installed and then removed. This command only shows packages that are currently installed, sorts smallest to largest, and formats the sizes to be human readable. Show Sample Output
1dpkg-query --show --showformat='${Package;-50}\t${Installed-Size}\n' `aptitude --display-format '%p' search '?installed!?automatic'` | sort -k 2 -n | grep -v deinstall | awk '{printf "%.3f MB \t %s\n", $2/(1024), $1}' -
In this case, linux- is the prefix; simply running
apt-cache pkgnameswould list every package APT knows about. The default APT config assumes -g, --generate; to use the cache as/is, you could similarly run:apt-cache --no-generate pkgnames [prefix]Adding --all-names, like so:apt-cache --no-generate --all-names pkgnames [prefix]would print all the packages APT knows about, using the cache as/is, including virtual packages and missing dependencies. This command was shamelessly stolen from the apt-cache(8) man-page. Show Sample Output1apt-cache pkgnames linux- -
An alternative without aptitude.
1apt-mark showmanual|xargs sudo apt-mark markauto -
If, for example, you want to remove all kernels and headers but the last three versions, you can't use one of that magic all-in-one "remove old stuff" commands. With this simple but elegant command you can remove a range of versions, or a list of versions with e.g. {14,16,20}. Show Sample Output
1apt purge linux*{14..18}* -
Some command names are very different from the name of the package that installed them. Sometimes, you may want to find out the name of the package that provided a command on a system, so that you can install it on another system. Show Sample Output
1dpkg -S "$(readlink -e $(which w))" | cut -d ':' -f 1 -
The vaule is expressed in megabytes Show Sample Output
1echo $[ ($(dpkg-query -s $(dpkg --get-selections | grep -oP '^.*(?=\binstall)') | grep -oP '(?<=Installed-Size: )\d+' | tr '\n' '+' | sed 's/+$//')) / 1024 ] -
This is useful if you add sid, install some packages, then remove sid and want to work out which packages you installed from sid that should be removed (e.g. before an upgrade to the new stable). Alternatively you can think of this as "find installed packages that can no longer be installed."
1aptitude search -F '%p %v %V %O' '?narrow(?not(?archive("^[^n][^o].*$")),?version(CURRENT))' | while IFS=' ' read -r pkg ver candidate origin; do if [[ $ver == "$candidate" ]] && [[ $origin == '(installed locally)' ]]; then echo "$pkg"; fi; done -
OS: Debian based (or those that use dpkg) Equivalent to doing a dpkg -S on each file in $PATH, but way faster. May report files generated though postinstall scripts and such. For example . It will report /usr/bin/vim .. which is not not a file installed directly by dpkg, but a link generated by alternatives hooks
0echo -e "${PATH//://\n}" >/tmp/allpath; grep -Fh -f /tmp/allpath /var/lib/dpkg/info/*.list|grep -vxh -f /tmp/allpath >/tmp/installedinpath ; find ${PATH//:/ } |grep -Fxv -f /tmp/installedinpath -
List packages and their disk usage in decreasing order. This uses the "Installed-Size" from the package metadata. It may differ from the actual used space, because e.g. data files (think of databases) or log files may take additional space. Show Sample Output
0perl -ne '$pkg=$1 if m/^Package: (.*)/; print "$1\t$pkg\n" if m/^Installed-Size: (.*)/;' < /var/lib/dpkg/status | sort -rn | less -
0dpkg-query -W -f='${Version}' package-name
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Supports regex pattern and very flexible output parameters and search options. Show Sample Output
0aptitude -F '%p %v#' search <pattern> -
A replacement for 'apt-cache' that uses a Xapian to produce ranked results. Available in 'apt-xapian-index' 0.27 and higher. Show Sample Output
0axi-cache search <searchterm> -
Lists all packages in "rc" state and purge them one at a time.
0dpkg -l | grep ^rc | cut -d' ' -f3 | xargs dpkg -P -
0debconf-copydb configdb copydb --pattern=<PACKAGE> --config="Name: copydb" --config="Driver: File" --config="Filename: ~/copydebconf.dat"
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0debconf-copydb copydb configdb --config="Name: copydb" --config ="Driver: File" --config="Filename: ~/copydebconf.dat"
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since awk was already there one can use it instead of the 2 greps. might not be faster, but fast enough
0apt-get remove $(dpkg -l | awk "/^ii linux-(image|headers)/ && ! /`uname -r`/ {print \$2}") -
after kernel build with make deb-pkg, I like to install the 4 newest packages that exist in the directory. Beware: might be fewer for you....
0sudo dpkg -i `ls -tr *.deb | tail -n4` -
This will print the name of every installed package on a Debian system.
0aptitude search ~i -F %p -
# Search for an available package on Debian systems using a regex so it only matches packages starting with 'tin'.
0aptitude search ^tin -
Marks all manually installed deb packages as automatically installed. Usefull to combine with
apt-get install <all manually packages that we want>to have a clean installed debian-based system.0aptitude -F "%p" search \!~M~i~T | xargs apt-mark markauto -
also use: update-alternatives --config gnome-www-browser
0update-alternatives --config x-www-browser - < 1 2 3 4 >
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