Commands tagged Debian (100)

  • Check tcp-wrapping support

    This function returns TRUE if the application supports tcp-wrapping or FALSE if not by reading the shared libraries used by this application. Show Sample Output


    1
    supportsWrap(){ ldd `which ${1}` | grep "libwrap" &>/dev/null && return 0 || return 1; }
    cicatriz · 2010-12-01 15:22:29 15
  • Check if a package is installed. If it is, the version number will be shown.

    If the first two letters are "ii", then the package is installed. You can also use wildcards. For example, . dpkg -l openoffice* . Note that dpkg will usually not report packages which are available but uninstalled. If you want to see both which versions are installed and which versions are available, use this command instead: . apt-cache policy python Show Sample Output


    1
    dpkg -l python
    hackerb9 · 2011-01-05 06:15:13 5
  • apt-get upgrade with bandwidth limit

    Trickle is here: http://monkey.org/~marius/pages/?page=trickle Trickle is a simple bandwidth limiter


    1
    trickle sudo apt-get update -y
    mrman · 2011-02-15 02:05:37 3
  • locating packages held back, such as with "aptitude hold <package>"

    locating packages held back, such as with "aptitude hold "


    1
    aptitude search ~ahold
    pykler · 2012-04-29 15:02:32 4
  • List your largest installed packages (on Debian/Ubuntu)

    The other commands were good, but they included packages that were installed and then removed. This command only shows packages that are currently installed, sorts smallest to largest, and formats the sizes to be human readable. Show Sample Output


    1
    dpkg-query --show --showformat='${Package;-50}\t${Installed-Size}\n' `aptitude --display-format '%p' search '?installed!?automatic'` | sort -k 2 -n | grep -v deinstall | awk '{printf "%.3f MB \t %s\n", $2/(1024), $1}'
    EvilDennisR · 2013-07-26 23:18:20 13
  • print the name of each package APT knows [matching a prefix]

    In this case, linux- is the prefix; simply running apt-cache pkgnames would list every package APT knows about. The default APT config assumes -g, --generate; to use the cache as/is, you could similarly run: apt-cache --no-generate pkgnames [prefix] Adding --all-names, like so: apt-cache --no-generate --all-names pkgnames [prefix] would print all the packages APT knows about, using the cache as/is, including virtual packages and missing dependencies. This command was shamelessly stolen from the apt-cache(8) man-page. Show Sample Output


    1
    apt-cache pkgnames linux-
    benjabean1 · 2014-12-14 06:48:57 8
  • Marks all manually installed deb packages as automatically installed.

    An alternative without aptitude.


    1
    apt-mark showmanual|xargs sudo apt-mark markauto
    DellDor · 2015-08-10 02:35:22 12
  • Remove specific versions of old kernels (Ubuntu/Debian)

    If, for example, you want to remove all kernels and headers but the last three versions, you can't use one of that magic all-in-one "remove old stuff" commands. With this simple but elegant command you can remove a range of versions, or a list of versions with e.g. {14,16,20}. Show Sample Output


    1
    apt purge linux*{14..18}*
    ppq · 2016-04-20 07:44:55 11
  • Find name of package which installed a given shell command

    Some command names are very different from the name of the package that installed them. Sometimes, you may want to find out the name of the package that provided a command on a system, so that you can install it on another system. Show Sample Output


    1
    dpkg -S "$(readlink -e $(which w))" | cut -d ':' -f 1
    Fox · 2016-05-18 09:41:29 11
  • get a rough estimate about how much disk space is used by all the currently installed debian packages

    The vaule is expressed in megabytes Show Sample Output


    1
    echo $[ ($(dpkg-query -s $(dpkg --get-selections | grep -oP '^.*(?=\binstall)') | grep -oP '(?<=Installed-Size: )\d+' | tr '\n' '+' | sed 's/+$//')) / 1024 ]
    acavagni · 2019-06-02 16:35:34 55
  • find packages installed from e.g. sid which are newer than those available from e.g. testing when sid is no longer present as a source repo

    This is useful if you add sid, install some packages, then remove sid and want to work out which packages you installed from sid that should be removed (e.g. before an upgrade to the new stable). Alternatively you can think of this as "find installed packages that can no longer be installed."


    1
    aptitude search -F '%p %v %V %O' '?narrow(?not(?archive("^[^n][^o].*$")),?version(CURRENT))' | while IFS=' ' read -r pkg ver candidate origin; do if [[ $ver == "$candidate" ]] && [[ $origin == '(installed locally)' ]]; then echo "$pkg"; fi; done
    sorpigal · 2021-12-26 15:57:15 303
  • find files in $PATH that were not installed through dpkg

    OS: Debian based (or those that use dpkg) Equivalent to doing a dpkg -S on each file in $PATH, but way faster. May report files generated though postinstall scripts and such. For example . It will report /usr/bin/vim .. which is not not a file installed directly by dpkg, but a link generated by alternatives hooks


    0
    echo -e "${PATH//://\n}" >/tmp/allpath; grep -Fh -f /tmp/allpath /var/lib/dpkg/info/*.list|grep -vxh -f /tmp/allpath >/tmp/installedinpath ; find ${PATH//:/ } |grep -Fxv -f /tmp/installedinpath
    kamathln · 2009-09-09 05:33:14 4
  • List your largest installed packages (on Debian/Ubuntu)

    List packages and their disk usage in decreasing order. This uses the "Installed-Size" from the package metadata. It may differ from the actual used space, because e.g. data files (think of databases) or log files may take additional space. Show Sample Output


    0
    perl -ne '$pkg=$1 if m/^Package: (.*)/; print "$1\t$pkg\n" if m/^Installed-Size: (.*)/;' < /var/lib/dpkg/status | sort -rn | less
    hfs · 2009-10-19 12:55:59 7
  • Show a Package Version on Debian based distribution


    0
    dpkg-query -W -f='${Version}' package-name
    ohe · 2010-06-02 14:39:08 3
  • Show a Package Version on Debian based distribution

    Supports regex pattern and very flexible output parameters and search options. Show Sample Output


    0
    aptitude -F '%p %v#' search <pattern>
    unixmonkey10157 · 2010-06-03 15:37:27 3
  • A better 'apt-cache' using Xapian to rank results

    A replacement for 'apt-cache' that uses a Xapian to produce ranked results. Available in 'apt-xapian-index' 0.27 and higher. Show Sample Output


    0
    axi-cache search <searchterm>
    tarkasteve · 2010-07-05 00:16:03 3
  • Purge configuration files of removed packages on debian based systems

    Lists all packages in "rc" state and purge them one at a time.


    0
    dpkg -l | grep ^rc | cut -d' ' -f3 | xargs dpkg -P
    cyrusza · 2010-11-22 12:53:31 6
  • Save the debconf configuration of an installed package


    0
    debconf-copydb configdb copydb --pattern=<PACKAGE> --config="Name: copydb" --config="Driver: File" --config="Filename: ~/copydebconf.dat"
    ohe · 2011-08-29 14:00:42 3
  • Import a debconf configuration (from a copydebconf.dat file)


    0
    debconf-copydb copydb configdb --config="Name: copydb" --config ="Driver: File" --config="Filename: ~/copydebconf.dat"
    ohe · 2011-08-29 14:01:31 3
  • Remove all unused kernels with apt-get

    since awk was already there one can use it instead of the 2 greps. might not be faster, but fast enough


    0
    apt-get remove $(dpkg -l | awk "/^ii linux-(image|headers)/ && ! /`uname -r`/ {print \$2}")
    _john · 2011-10-09 13:58:47 4
  • Install 4 new package files

    after kernel build with make deb-pkg, I like to install the 4 newest packages that exist in the directory. Beware: might be fewer for you....


    0
    sudo dpkg -i `ls -tr *.deb | tail -n4`
    _john · 2011-10-09 14:20:11 3
  • Generate a list of installed packages on Debian-based systems

    This will print the name of every installed package on a Debian system.


    0
    aptitude search ~i -F %p
    dbbolton · 2011-10-15 00:31:10 8
  • Seach for packages on Debian using regex.

    # Search for an available package on Debian systems using a regex so it only matches packages starting with 'tin'.


    0
    aptitude search ^tin
    defiantredpill · 2011-10-20 17:51:36 3
  • Marks all manually installed deb packages as automatically installed.

    Marks all manually installed deb packages as automatically installed. Usefull to combine with apt-get install <all manually packages that we want> to have a clean installed debian-based system.


    0
    aptitude -F "%p" search \!~M~i~T | xargs apt-mark markauto
    gspadari · 2012-03-09 13:44:00 7
  • change default Web browser

    also use: update-alternatives --config gnome-www-browser


    0
    update-alternatives --config x-www-browser
    gwd · 2012-07-08 20:27:42 4
  •  < 1 2 3 4 > 

What's this?

commandlinefu.com is the place to record those command-line gems that you return to again and again. That way others can gain from your CLI wisdom and you from theirs too. All commands can be commented on, discussed and voted up or down.

Share Your Commands

Check These Out

Change/Modify timestamp

Rename files in batch

List your installed Chromium extensions (with url to each page)
Gives you a list for all installed chrome (chromium) extensions with URL to the page of the extension. With this you can easy add a new Bookmark folder called "extensions" add every URL to that folder, so it will be synced and you can access the names from every computer you are logged in. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Only tested with chromium, for chrome you maybe have to change the find $PATH.

find and reduce 8x parallel the size of PNG images without loosing quality via optipng

Sort dotted quads
Sort a list of IPV4 addresses in numerical order. Great as a filter, or within vim using !}

Print all git repos from a user (only curl and grep)

convert .bin / .cue into .iso image
bchunk [-v] [-p] [-r] [-w] [-s]

Multiplication table
The multiplication table for math study

Which processes are listening on a specific port (e.g. port 80)
swap out "80" for your port of interest. Can use port number or named ports e.g. "http"

Convert seconds to [DD:][HH:]MM:SS
Converts any number of seconds into days, hours, minutes and seconds. sec2dhms() { declare -i SS="$1" D=$(( SS / 86400 )) H=$(( SS % 86400 / 3600 )) M=$(( SS % 3600 / 60 )) S=$(( SS % 60 )) [ "$D" -gt 0 ] && echo -n "${D}:" [ "$H" -gt 0 ] && printf "%02g:" "$H" printf "%02g:%02g\n" "$M" "$S" }

Stay in the loop…

Follow the Tweets.

Every new command is wrapped in a tweet and posted to Twitter. Following the stream is a great way of staying abreast of the latest commands. For the more discerning, there are Twitter accounts for commands that get a minimum of 3 and 10 votes - that way only the great commands get tweeted.

» http://twitter.com/commandlinefu
» http://twitter.com/commandlinefu3
» http://twitter.com/commandlinefu10

Subscribe to the feeds.

Use your favourite RSS aggregator to stay in touch with the latest commands. There are feeds mirroring the 3 Twitter streams as well as for virtually every other subset (users, tags, functions,…):

Subscribe to the feed for: