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To change to $HOME in that manner you need to set a shell option. In zsh it is auto_cd, hence
setopt -o auto_cd
in bash4 it is autocd, hence
shopt -s autocd
What the option does is allow you to cd to a directory by just entering its name. This also works if the directory name is stored in a variable:
www=/var/www/lighttpd; $www
sends you to /var/www/lighttpd.
CAUTION: If a command or function name identical to the directory name exists it takes precedence.
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Holy crap. Nice! I've read the bash manual more times that I care to admit, but I'd missed that one. However, I'll still find it easier to type cd than find the fiddly ~ button :-)
"$OLDPWD" does the same as "cd -", using that. However, just "-" does not take you back to the previous directory as in "cd -". But it's still very useful.
just "cd" does the same. takes you home wherever you are.