Commands using sudo sorted by votes

Commands using sudo (537)

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Check if you work on a virtual/physical machine in Linux

Command used to know if we are working on a virtual or physical machine. This command will use the dmidecode utility to retrieve hardware information of your computer via the BIOS. Run this command as root or with sudo. Show Sample Output
This is sample output - yours may be different.
```
	Product Name: VirtualBox
	Product Name: VirtualBox
```
1

sudo dmidecode | grep Product

joaquindlz · 2012-12-18 12:31:39 4
run last command with root

you will be sad after you run a command and find out it needs root, so you should run it again but with prefix sudo. so this line is to make it simple. just 'sudo !!'
This is sample output - yours may be different.
1

sudo !!

Travis · 2012-12-21 03:37:40 7
hibernate
This is sample output - yours may be different.
1

sudo pm-hibernate

totti · 2013-01-15 18:49:34 24
find unreadable file
This is sample output - yours may be different.
1

sudo -u apache find . -not -perm /o+r

4Aiur · 2013-03-26 06:07:55 4
Run the last command as root

this command also can run the last command as root what's more, sudo !-2 can run the second last command as root , and so on
This is sample output - yours may be different.
1

sudo !-1

datamining · 2013-04-22 03:45:14 14
Upgrading packages. Pacman can update all packages on the system with just one command. This could take quite a while depending on how up-to-date the system is. This command can synchronize the repository databases and update the system's packages.

Warning: Instead of immediately updating as soon as updates are available, users must recognize that due to the nature of Arch's rolling release approach, an update may have unforeseen consequences. This means that it is not wise to update if, for example, one is about to deliver an important presentation. Rather, update during free time and be prepared to deal with any problems that may arise. Pacman is a powerful package management tool, but it does not attempt to handle all corner cases. Read The Arch Way if this causes confusion. Users must be vigilant and take responsibility for maintaining their own system. When performing a system update, it is essential that users read all information output by pacman and use common sense. If a user-modified configuration file needs to be upgraded for a new version of a package, a .pacnew file will be created to avoid overwriting settings modified by the user. Pacman will prompt the user to merge them. These files require manual intervention from the user and it is good practice to handle them right after every package upgrade or removal. See Pacnew and Pacsave Files for more info. Tip: Remember that pacman's output is logged in /var/log/pacman.log. Show Sample Output
This is sample output - yours may be different.
```
:: Synchronizing package databases...
 core                                                   112.4 KiB   465K/s 00:00 [##############################################] 100%
 extra                                                 1472.8 KiB   629K/s 00:02 [##############################################] 100%
 community                                             1939.5 KiB   682K/s 00:03 [##############################################] 100%
:: Starting full system upgrade...
resolving dependencies...
looking for inter-conflicts...

Packages (13): ethtool-1:3.9-1  flashplugin-11.2.202.285-1  glib2-2.36.2-1  gnupg-2.0.20-1  gvfs-1.16.2-1  libcap-2.22-5
               libical-1.0-2  libldap-2.4.35-3  libsasl-2.1.26-2  orage-4.8.4-2  pcmciautils-018-7  sudo-1.8.6.p8-2
               syslog-ng-3.4.1-3

Total Download Size:    15.85 MiB
Total Installed Size:   58.75 MiB
Net Upgrade Size:       -0.45 MiB

:: Proceed with installation? [Y/n] 
```
1

sudo pacman -Syu

unixmonkey57489 · 2013-05-16 13:49:14 47
Install a new kernel in Manjaro linux

00 is the number of the linux kernel e.g. linux39
This is sample output - yours may be different.
1

sudo mhwd-kernel linux00

unixmonkey57489 · 2013-05-16 14:02:46 12
Clean pacman cache in arch linux, manjaro linux

If not success clean cache and try again Code: [Select] Show Sample Output
This is sample output - yours may be different.
```
Cache directory: /var/cache/pacman/pkg/
:: Do you want to remove ALL files from cache? [y/N] y
removing all files from cache...

Database directory: /var/lib/pacman/
:: Do you want to remove unused repositories? [Y/n] y
removing unused sync repositories...
```
1

sudo pacman -Scc

unixmonkey57489 · 2013-05-16 14:19:14 11
Get all available packages on Ubuntu (or any distro that uses apt)
This is sample output - yours may be different.
1

sudo apt-cache dumpavail | grep Package | cut -d ' ' -f 2 > available.packages

mered · 2013-05-18 20:42:22 7
Mount a VMware virtual disk (.vmdk) file on a Linux box

Assumes XP/2000/2003. For Server 2008+ try offset=105,906,176 You can find this number in the System Information utility under Partition Starting Offset. UEFI based boxes you want partition 2 since the first is just the boot files (and FAT). This works with (storage side) snapshots which is handy for single file restores on NFS mounted VMware systems Show Sample Output
This is sample output - yours may be different.
```
root@sv-is-staging01$ mount vm-site-dc01-flat.vmdk /tmp/test/ -o ro,loop=/dev/loop1,offset=32768 -t ntfs
root@sv-is-staging01$ ls /tmp/test
total 1.6G
-rwxrwxrwx  1 root root  47K Nov 30  2005 NTDETECT.COM
-rwxrwxrwx  1 root root 133K Feb 16  2007 msizap.exe
-rwxrwxrwx  1 root root    0 Jun 23  2009 MSDOS.SYS
...
```
1

sudo mount vmware-server-flat.vmdk /tmp/test/ -o ro,loop=/dev/loop1,offset=32768 -t ntfs

JeremyinNC · 2013-07-29 14:45:29 16

Replace KEY with GPG key. This command will load GPG key and add it to your system so you can use software from third party repos etc. Show Sample Output

x=KEY; gpg --keyserver subkeys.pgp.net --recv $x; gpg --export --armor $x | sudo apt-key add -

sxiii · 2013-11-26 10:49:32 9

Wich program is listen on port OSX
This is sample output - yours may be different.
1

sudo lsof -i -n -P | grep TCP

balsagoth · 2014-02-20 10:20:55 6
Destroy all disks on system simultaneously

This command will use the fdisk utility to find all block devices on your system, and overwrite them with data from the /dev/urandom non-blocking random number generator. CAUTION: This will irrevocably erase EVERY SINGLE physical block storage device visible to the fdisk utility, including plugged USB devices, RAID sets, LVM, etc. Show Sample Output
This is sample output - yours may be different.
```
NO OUTPUT
```
1

for i in `sudo /sbin/fdisk -l |grep Disk |grep dev |awk '{ print $2 }' |sed s/://g` ; do sudo /usr/bin/dd if=/dev/urandom of=$i bs=8M & done

aimana007 · 2014-03-16 12:04:59 7
Upgrade pip-installed python packages
This is sample output - yours may be different.
1

python -c "import pip; print(' '.join([x.project_name for x in pip.get_installed_distributions()]))" | xargs sudo pip install -U

wires · 2014-11-16 09:59:24 8
Clean apt-get and gpg cache and keys

Cleans apt-get and gpg cache and keys
This is sample output - yours may be different.
1

sudo gpg --refresh-keys; sudo apt-key update; sudo rm -rf /var/lib/apt/{lists,lists.old}; sudo mkdir -p /var/lib/apt/lists/partial; sudo apt-get clean all; sudo apt-get update

lpalgarvio · 2015-02-02 18:00:20 25
Set blanket packet/second limit on network interface for Ubuntu VPS server

VPS server hosts suspect DOS attack if PPS is too high. This limits packets at the interface level. Do "sudo apt-get install iptables-persistent" to make persistent, or, if you already have, reconfigure with "sudo dpkg-reconfigure iptables-persistent" Show Sample Output
This is sample output - yours may be different.
```
Chain INPUT (policy ACCEPT)
target     prot opt source               destination         
ACCEPT     all  --  anywhere             anywhere             limit: avg 2000/sec burst 5
DROP       all  --  anywhere             anywhere  
```
1

sudo iptables -A INPUT -m limit --limit 2000/sec -j ACCEPT && sudo iptables -A INPUT -j DROP

qdrizh · 2015-03-09 20:16:17 8
Restrict the use of dmesg for current user/session

Linux offers an interesting option to restrict the use of dmesg. It is available via /proc/sys/kernel/dmesg_restrict. You can check the status with: cat /proc/sys/kernel/dmesg_restrict Alternatively you can use sysctl: sudo sysctl -w kernel.dmesg_restrict=1 To make your change persistent across reboot, edit a fille in /etc/sysctl.d/.
This is sample output - yours may be different.
1

sudo sh -c 'echo 1 > /proc/sys/kernel/dmesg_restrict'

Blacksimon · 2015-03-13 20:54:45 11
Export MySQL tables that begin with a string
This is sample output - yours may be different.
1

sudo mysql -sNe 'show tables like "PREFIX_%"' DBNAME | xargs sudo mysqldump DBNAME > /tmp/dump.sql

shadyvb · 2015-05-05 23:40:15 17
Marks all manually installed deb packages as automatically installed.

An alternative without aptitude.
This is sample output - yours may be different.
1

apt-mark showmanual|xargs sudo apt-mark markauto

DellDor · 2015-08-10 02:35:22 12
Print all open regular files sorted by the number of file handles open to each.

This command run fine on my Ubuntu machine, but on Red Hat I had to change the awk command to `awk '{print $10}'`.
This is sample output - yours may be different.
1

sudo lsof | egrep 'w.+REG' | awk '{print $10}' | sort | uniq -c | sort -n

kennethjor · 2015-08-18 14:09:02 10
USE WITH CAUTION: perminately delete old kernel packages
This is sample output - yours may be different.
1

sudo apt-get remove --purge $(dpkg -l 'linux-*' | sed '/^ii/!d;/'"$(uname -r | sed "s/$.*$-$[^0-9]\+$/\1/")"'/d;s/^[^ ]* [^ ]* $[^ ]*$.*/\1/;/[0-9]/!d')

jeffskinnerbox · 2015-09-19 00:41:36 13
Run a command multiple times with different subcommands

it's nice to be able to use the command `ls program.{h,c,cpp}`. This expands to `ls program.h program.c program.cpp`. Note: This is a text expansion, not a shell wildcard type expansion that looks at matching file names to calculate the expansion. More details at http://www.linuxjournal.com/content/bash-brace-expansion I often run multiple commands (like apt-get) one after the other with different subcommands. Just for fun this wraps the whole thing into a single line that uses brace expansion.
This is sample output - yours may be different.
1

echo apt-get\ {update,-y\ upgrade}\ \&\& true | sudo bash

alecthegeek · 2015-09-22 00:48:26 13
Preserve user variables when running commands with sudo.

In this case the current user has proxy variable set which allows access to the rpm on the internet but needs root privs to install it. Running sudo -E preserves the current user proxy var and allows the rpm install to be executed with sudo.
This is sample output - yours may be different.
1

sudo -E rpm -Uvh "http://download.fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/6/i386/epel-release-6-8.noarch.rpm"

zlemini · 2015-10-29 14:06:48 10
Set all CPU cores' CPU frequency scaling governor to maximum performance
This is sample output - yours may be different.
1

echo performance |sudo tee /sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu*/cpufreq/scaling_governor

phrik · 2017-11-13 12:34:32 20
Blackhole any level zones via dnsmasq

Explanation It creates dnsmasq-com-blackhole.conf file with one line to route all domains of com zones to 0.0.0.0 You might use "address=/home.lab/127.0.0.1" to point allpossiblesubdomains.home.lab to your localhost or some other IP in a cloud. Show Sample Output
This is sample output - yours may be different.
```
#on ubuntu/debian
echo "address=/com/0.0.0.0" | sudo tee /etc/NetworkManager/dnsmasq.d/dnsmasq-com-blackhole.conf && sudo systemctl restart network-manager

#on redhat/centos
echo "address=/com/0.0.0.0" | sudo tee /etc/dnsmasq.d/dnsmasq-com-blackhole.conf && sudo systemctl restart dnsmasq
```
1

echo "address=/com/0.0.0.0" | sudo tee /etc/dnsmasq.d/dnsmasq-com-blackhole.conf && sudo systemctl restart dnsmasq

emphazer · 2018-05-14 16:28:18 166
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Get all files of particular type (say, PDF) listed on some wegpage (say, example.com)

This example command fetches 'example.com' webpage and then fetches+saves all PDF files listed (linked to) on that webpage. [*Note: of course there are no PDFs on example.com. This is just an example]

Recursively create a TAGS file for an entire source tree. TAGS files are useful for editors like Vim and Emacs

Which processes are listening on a specific port (e.g. port 80)

swap out "80" for your port of interest. Can use port number or named ports e.g. "http"

list files recursively by size

Getting a domain from url, ex: very nice to get url from squid access.log

Set all CPU cores' CPU frequency scaling governor to maximum performance

exec chmod to subfiles

Using `-exec cmd {} +` causes find to build the command using all matching filenames before execution, rather than once per file.

analyze traffic remotely over ssh w/ wireshark

Please check out my blog article on this for more detail. http://jdubb.net/blog/2009/08/07/monitor-wireshark-capture-real-time-on-remote-host-via-ssh/

Edit file(s) that has been just listed

That will open vi with the four README files in different viewports. Specially handy when you find there is only one file matching your pattern and you don't want to specify the full path.

trace the system calls made by a process (and its children)

strace can be invaluable in trying to figure out what the heck some misbehaving program is doing. There are number of useful flags to limit and control its output, and to attach to already running programs. (See also 'ltrace'.)

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Commands using sudo (537)

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