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Rotate a pdf by 90 degrees CW

Random unsigned integer
Reads 4 bytes from the random device and formats them as unsigned integer between 0 and 2^32-1.

Find the package that installed a command

Get the size of all the directories in current directory
OSX's BSD version of the du command uses the -d argument instead of --max-depth.

using tee to echo to a system file with sudo privileges
We sometimes need to change kernel parameters by echoing the file . This needs root privilege and if we do it using sudo like this , it fails $ sudo echo ondemand > /sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu0/cpufreq/scaling_governor -bash: /sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu0/cpufreq/scaling_governor: Permission denied We can achieve this with the tee command by just doing sudo without logging as root user http://www.zaman4linux.in/2010/09/using-tee-to-echo-to-system-file-with.html

Write comments to your history.
A null operation with the name 'comment', allowing comments to be written to HISTFILE. Prepending '#' to a command will *not* write the command to the history file, although it will be available for the current session, thus '#' is not useful for keeping track of comments past the current session.

Trigger a command each time a file is created in a directory (inotify)
Listens for events in the directory. Each created file is displayed on stdout. Then each fileline is read by the loop and a command is run. This can be used to force permissions in a directory, as an alternative for umask. More details: http://en.positon.org/post/A-solution-to-the-umask-problem%3A-inotify-to-force-permissions

Find name of package which installed a given shell command
Some command names are very different from the name of the package that installed them. Sometimes, you may want to find out the name of the package that provided a command on a system, so that you can install it on another system.

Check whether laptop is running on battery or cable
The original proc file doesn't exist on my system.

Top 10 requestors by IP address from Apache/NCSA Logs


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