Commands tagged Debian (100)

  • Check tcp-wrapping support

    This function returns TRUE if the application supports tcp-wrapping or FALSE if not by reading the shared libraries used by this application. Show Sample Output


    1
    supportsWrap(){ ldd `which ${1}` | grep "libwrap" &>/dev/null && return 0 || return 1; }
    cicatriz · 2010-12-01 15:22:29 15
  • Check if a package is installed. If it is, the version number will be shown.

    If the first two letters are "ii", then the package is installed. You can also use wildcards. For example, . dpkg -l openoffice* . Note that dpkg will usually not report packages which are available but uninstalled. If you want to see both which versions are installed and which versions are available, use this command instead: . apt-cache policy python Show Sample Output


    1
    dpkg -l python
    hackerb9 · 2011-01-05 06:15:13 5
  • apt-get upgrade with bandwidth limit

    Trickle is here: http://monkey.org/~marius/pages/?page=trickle Trickle is a simple bandwidth limiter


    1
    trickle sudo apt-get update -y
    mrman · 2011-02-15 02:05:37 3
  • locating packages held back, such as with "aptitude hold <package>"

    locating packages held back, such as with "aptitude hold "


    1
    aptitude search ~ahold
    pykler · 2012-04-29 15:02:32 4
  • List your largest installed packages (on Debian/Ubuntu)

    The other commands were good, but they included packages that were installed and then removed. This command only shows packages that are currently installed, sorts smallest to largest, and formats the sizes to be human readable. Show Sample Output


    1
    dpkg-query --show --showformat='${Package;-50}\t${Installed-Size}\n' `aptitude --display-format '%p' search '?installed!?automatic'` | sort -k 2 -n | grep -v deinstall | awk '{printf "%.3f MB \t %s\n", $2/(1024), $1}'
    EvilDennisR · 2013-07-26 23:18:20 13
  • print the name of each package APT knows [matching a prefix]

    In this case, linux- is the prefix; simply running apt-cache pkgnames would list every package APT knows about. The default APT config assumes -g, --generate; to use the cache as/is, you could similarly run: apt-cache --no-generate pkgnames [prefix] Adding --all-names, like so: apt-cache --no-generate --all-names pkgnames [prefix] would print all the packages APT knows about, using the cache as/is, including virtual packages and missing dependencies. This command was shamelessly stolen from the apt-cache(8) man-page. Show Sample Output


    1
    apt-cache pkgnames linux-
    benjabean1 · 2014-12-14 06:48:57 8
  • Marks all manually installed deb packages as automatically installed.

    An alternative without aptitude.


    1
    apt-mark showmanual|xargs sudo apt-mark markauto
    DellDor · 2015-08-10 02:35:22 12
  • Remove specific versions of old kernels (Ubuntu/Debian)

    If, for example, you want to remove all kernels and headers but the last three versions, you can't use one of that magic all-in-one "remove old stuff" commands. With this simple but elegant command you can remove a range of versions, or a list of versions with e.g. {14,16,20}. Show Sample Output


    1
    apt purge linux*{14..18}*
    ppq · 2016-04-20 07:44:55 11
  • Find name of package which installed a given shell command

    Some command names are very different from the name of the package that installed them. Sometimes, you may want to find out the name of the package that provided a command on a system, so that you can install it on another system. Show Sample Output


    1
    dpkg -S "$(readlink -e $(which w))" | cut -d ':' -f 1
    Fox · 2016-05-18 09:41:29 11
  • get a rough estimate about how much disk space is used by all the currently installed debian packages

    The vaule is expressed in megabytes Show Sample Output


    1
    echo $[ ($(dpkg-query -s $(dpkg --get-selections | grep -oP '^.*(?=\binstall)') | grep -oP '(?<=Installed-Size: )\d+' | tr '\n' '+' | sed 's/+$//')) / 1024 ]
    acavagni · 2019-06-02 16:35:34 55
  • find packages installed from e.g. sid which are newer than those available from e.g. testing when sid is no longer present as a source repo

    This is useful if you add sid, install some packages, then remove sid and want to work out which packages you installed from sid that should be removed (e.g. before an upgrade to the new stable). Alternatively you can think of this as "find installed packages that can no longer be installed."


    1
    aptitude search -F '%p %v %V %O' '?narrow(?not(?archive("^[^n][^o].*$")),?version(CURRENT))' | while IFS=' ' read -r pkg ver candidate origin; do if [[ $ver == "$candidate" ]] && [[ $origin == '(installed locally)' ]]; then echo "$pkg"; fi; done
    sorpigal · 2021-12-26 15:57:15 304
  • find files in $PATH that were not installed through dpkg

    OS: Debian based (or those that use dpkg) Equivalent to doing a dpkg -S on each file in $PATH, but way faster. May report files generated though postinstall scripts and such. For example . It will report /usr/bin/vim .. which is not not a file installed directly by dpkg, but a link generated by alternatives hooks


    0
    echo -e "${PATH//://\n}" >/tmp/allpath; grep -Fh -f /tmp/allpath /var/lib/dpkg/info/*.list|grep -vxh -f /tmp/allpath >/tmp/installedinpath ; find ${PATH//:/ } |grep -Fxv -f /tmp/installedinpath
    kamathln · 2009-09-09 05:33:14 4
  • List your largest installed packages (on Debian/Ubuntu)

    List packages and their disk usage in decreasing order. This uses the "Installed-Size" from the package metadata. It may differ from the actual used space, because e.g. data files (think of databases) or log files may take additional space. Show Sample Output


    0
    perl -ne '$pkg=$1 if m/^Package: (.*)/; print "$1\t$pkg\n" if m/^Installed-Size: (.*)/;' < /var/lib/dpkg/status | sort -rn | less
    hfs · 2009-10-19 12:55:59 7
  • Show a Package Version on Debian based distribution


    0
    dpkg-query -W -f='${Version}' package-name
    ohe · 2010-06-02 14:39:08 3
  • Show a Package Version on Debian based distribution

    Supports regex pattern and very flexible output parameters and search options. Show Sample Output


    0
    aptitude -F '%p %v#' search <pattern>
    unixmonkey10157 · 2010-06-03 15:37:27 3
  • A better 'apt-cache' using Xapian to rank results

    A replacement for 'apt-cache' that uses a Xapian to produce ranked results. Available in 'apt-xapian-index' 0.27 and higher. Show Sample Output


    0
    axi-cache search <searchterm>
    tarkasteve · 2010-07-05 00:16:03 3
  • Purge configuration files of removed packages on debian based systems

    Lists all packages in "rc" state and purge them one at a time.


    0
    dpkg -l | grep ^rc | cut -d' ' -f3 | xargs dpkg -P
    cyrusza · 2010-11-22 12:53:31 6
  • Save the debconf configuration of an installed package


    0
    debconf-copydb configdb copydb --pattern=<PACKAGE> --config="Name: copydb" --config="Driver: File" --config="Filename: ~/copydebconf.dat"
    ohe · 2011-08-29 14:00:42 3
  • Import a debconf configuration (from a copydebconf.dat file)


    0
    debconf-copydb copydb configdb --config="Name: copydb" --config ="Driver: File" --config="Filename: ~/copydebconf.dat"
    ohe · 2011-08-29 14:01:31 3
  • Remove all unused kernels with apt-get

    since awk was already there one can use it instead of the 2 greps. might not be faster, but fast enough


    0
    apt-get remove $(dpkg -l | awk "/^ii linux-(image|headers)/ && ! /`uname -r`/ {print \$2}")
    _john · 2011-10-09 13:58:47 4
  • Install 4 new package files

    after kernel build with make deb-pkg, I like to install the 4 newest packages that exist in the directory. Beware: might be fewer for you....


    0
    sudo dpkg -i `ls -tr *.deb | tail -n4`
    _john · 2011-10-09 14:20:11 3
  • Generate a list of installed packages on Debian-based systems

    This will print the name of every installed package on a Debian system.


    0
    aptitude search ~i -F %p
    dbbolton · 2011-10-15 00:31:10 8
  • Seach for packages on Debian using regex.

    # Search for an available package on Debian systems using a regex so it only matches packages starting with 'tin'.


    0
    aptitude search ^tin
    defiantredpill · 2011-10-20 17:51:36 3
  • Marks all manually installed deb packages as automatically installed.

    Marks all manually installed deb packages as automatically installed. Usefull to combine with apt-get install <all manually packages that we want> to have a clean installed debian-based system.


    0
    aptitude -F "%p" search \!~M~i~T | xargs apt-mark markauto
    gspadari · 2012-03-09 13:44:00 7
  • change default Web browser

    also use: update-alternatives --config gnome-www-browser


    0
    update-alternatives --config x-www-browser
    gwd · 2012-07-08 20:27:42 4
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Replace spaces in filenames with underscores

Report bugs in Ubuntu
As of 10.04 LTS, you need to use this command-line to reports bugs to the launchpad.net tracking system (you need a launchpad acct for this to work). This command is preferred over using the website because it collects/sends info about your system to help developers. ubuntu-bug is a symlink to apport-bug which sees if KDE/Gnome is running and calls apport-gtk/apport-kde dialogs, otherwise apport-cli, so you can fill out a bug report. First run 'ubuntu-bug' without args to see a list of known symptoms. If there's no matching symptom, or you know which package is to blame, then run 'ubuntu-bug <package>'. If the process is still running, use 'ubuntu-bug <PID>'

Quickly get summary of sizes for files and folders
Use this as a quick and simple alternative to the slightly verbose "du -s --max-depth=1"

Get AWS temporary credentials ready to export based on a MFA virtual appliance
You might want to secure your AWS operations requiring to use a MFA token. But then to use API or tools, you need to pass credentials generated with a MFA token. This commands asks you for the MFA code and retrieves these credentials using AWS Cli. To print the exports, you can use: `awk '{ print "export AWS_ACCESS_KEY_ID=\"" $1 "\"\n" "export AWS_SECRET_ACCESS_KEY=\"" $2 "\"\n" "export AWS_SESSION_TOKEN=\"" $3 "\"" }'` You must adapt the command line to include: * $MFA_IDis ARN of the virtual MFA or serial number of the physical one * TTL for the credentials

Viewing Top Processes according to cpu, mem, swap size, etc.
I've wanted this for a long time, finally just sat down and came up with it. This shows you the sorted output of ps in a pretty format perfect for cron or startup scripts. You can sort by changing the k -vsz to k -pmem for example to sort by memory instead. If you want a function, here's one from my http://www.askapache.com/linux-unix/bash_profile-functions-advanced-shell.html $ aa_top_ps(){ local T N=${1:-10};T=${2:-vsz}; ps wwo pid,user,group,vsize:8,size:8,sz:6,rss:6,pmem:7,pcpu:7,time:7,wchan,sched=,stat,flags,comm,args k -${T} -A|sed -u "/^ *PID/d;${N}q"; }

Batch rename extension of all files in a folder, in the example from .txt to .md
Same thing using bash built-in features instead of a sub-shell.

Create a nifty overview of the hardware in your computer
After the command is done, open the html file in a browser

Adding formatting to an xml document for easier reading
This will indent the input to be more readable. Warnings and messages are not send to STDOUT so you can just use a pipe to create the formatted outputfile, like: $ tidy -i -xml in.xml > out.xml

draw line separator (using knoppix5 idea)

Print a single route to a destination and its contents exactly as the kernel sees it
Useful to determine the source_ip of outgoing packages to a certain destination

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