Commands tagged Debian (100)

  • Check tcp-wrapping support

    This function returns TRUE if the application supports tcp-wrapping or FALSE if not by reading the shared libraries used by this application. Show Sample Output


    1
    supportsWrap(){ ldd `which ${1}` | grep "libwrap" &>/dev/null && return 0 || return 1; }
    cicatriz · 2010-12-01 15:22:29 15
  • Check if a package is installed. If it is, the version number will be shown.

    If the first two letters are "ii", then the package is installed. You can also use wildcards. For example, . dpkg -l openoffice* . Note that dpkg will usually not report packages which are available but uninstalled. If you want to see both which versions are installed and which versions are available, use this command instead: . apt-cache policy python Show Sample Output


    1
    dpkg -l python
    hackerb9 · 2011-01-05 06:15:13 5
  • apt-get upgrade with bandwidth limit

    Trickle is here: http://monkey.org/~marius/pages/?page=trickle Trickle is a simple bandwidth limiter


    1
    trickle sudo apt-get update -y
    mrman · 2011-02-15 02:05:37 3
  • locating packages held back, such as with "aptitude hold <package>"

    locating packages held back, such as with "aptitude hold "


    1
    aptitude search ~ahold
    pykler · 2012-04-29 15:02:32 4
  • List your largest installed packages (on Debian/Ubuntu)

    The other commands were good, but they included packages that were installed and then removed. This command only shows packages that are currently installed, sorts smallest to largest, and formats the sizes to be human readable. Show Sample Output


    1
    dpkg-query --show --showformat='${Package;-50}\t${Installed-Size}\n' `aptitude --display-format '%p' search '?installed!?automatic'` | sort -k 2 -n | grep -v deinstall | awk '{printf "%.3f MB \t %s\n", $2/(1024), $1}'
    EvilDennisR · 2013-07-26 23:18:20 13
  • print the name of each package APT knows [matching a prefix]

    In this case, linux- is the prefix; simply running apt-cache pkgnames would list every package APT knows about. The default APT config assumes -g, --generate; to use the cache as/is, you could similarly run: apt-cache --no-generate pkgnames [prefix] Adding --all-names, like so: apt-cache --no-generate --all-names pkgnames [prefix] would print all the packages APT knows about, using the cache as/is, including virtual packages and missing dependencies. This command was shamelessly stolen from the apt-cache(8) man-page. Show Sample Output


    1
    apt-cache pkgnames linux-
    benjabean1 · 2014-12-14 06:48:57 8
  • Marks all manually installed deb packages as automatically installed.

    An alternative without aptitude.


    1
    apt-mark showmanual|xargs sudo apt-mark markauto
    DellDor · 2015-08-10 02:35:22 12
  • Remove specific versions of old kernels (Ubuntu/Debian)

    If, for example, you want to remove all kernels and headers but the last three versions, you can't use one of that magic all-in-one "remove old stuff" commands. With this simple but elegant command you can remove a range of versions, or a list of versions with e.g. {14,16,20}. Show Sample Output


    1
    apt purge linux*{14..18}*
    ppq · 2016-04-20 07:44:55 11
  • Find name of package which installed a given shell command

    Some command names are very different from the name of the package that installed them. Sometimes, you may want to find out the name of the package that provided a command on a system, so that you can install it on another system. Show Sample Output


    1
    dpkg -S "$(readlink -e $(which w))" | cut -d ':' -f 1
    Fox · 2016-05-18 09:41:29 11
  • get a rough estimate about how much disk space is used by all the currently installed debian packages

    The vaule is expressed in megabytes Show Sample Output


    1
    echo $[ ($(dpkg-query -s $(dpkg --get-selections | grep -oP '^.*(?=\binstall)') | grep -oP '(?<=Installed-Size: )\d+' | tr '\n' '+' | sed 's/+$//')) / 1024 ]
    acavagni · 2019-06-02 16:35:34 55
  • find packages installed from e.g. sid which are newer than those available from e.g. testing when sid is no longer present as a source repo

    This is useful if you add sid, install some packages, then remove sid and want to work out which packages you installed from sid that should be removed (e.g. before an upgrade to the new stable). Alternatively you can think of this as "find installed packages that can no longer be installed."


    1
    aptitude search -F '%p %v %V %O' '?narrow(?not(?archive("^[^n][^o].*$")),?version(CURRENT))' | while IFS=' ' read -r pkg ver candidate origin; do if [[ $ver == "$candidate" ]] && [[ $origin == '(installed locally)' ]]; then echo "$pkg"; fi; done
    sorpigal · 2021-12-26 15:57:15 304
  • find files in $PATH that were not installed through dpkg

    OS: Debian based (or those that use dpkg) Equivalent to doing a dpkg -S on each file in $PATH, but way faster. May report files generated though postinstall scripts and such. For example . It will report /usr/bin/vim .. which is not not a file installed directly by dpkg, but a link generated by alternatives hooks


    0
    echo -e "${PATH//://\n}" >/tmp/allpath; grep -Fh -f /tmp/allpath /var/lib/dpkg/info/*.list|grep -vxh -f /tmp/allpath >/tmp/installedinpath ; find ${PATH//:/ } |grep -Fxv -f /tmp/installedinpath
    kamathln · 2009-09-09 05:33:14 4
  • List your largest installed packages (on Debian/Ubuntu)

    List packages and their disk usage in decreasing order. This uses the "Installed-Size" from the package metadata. It may differ from the actual used space, because e.g. data files (think of databases) or log files may take additional space. Show Sample Output


    0
    perl -ne '$pkg=$1 if m/^Package: (.*)/; print "$1\t$pkg\n" if m/^Installed-Size: (.*)/;' < /var/lib/dpkg/status | sort -rn | less
    hfs · 2009-10-19 12:55:59 7
  • Show a Package Version on Debian based distribution


    0
    dpkg-query -W -f='${Version}' package-name
    ohe · 2010-06-02 14:39:08 3
  • Show a Package Version on Debian based distribution

    Supports regex pattern and very flexible output parameters and search options. Show Sample Output


    0
    aptitude -F '%p %v#' search <pattern>
    unixmonkey10157 · 2010-06-03 15:37:27 3
  • A better 'apt-cache' using Xapian to rank results

    A replacement for 'apt-cache' that uses a Xapian to produce ranked results. Available in 'apt-xapian-index' 0.27 and higher. Show Sample Output


    0
    axi-cache search <searchterm>
    tarkasteve · 2010-07-05 00:16:03 3
  • Purge configuration files of removed packages on debian based systems

    Lists all packages in "rc" state and purge them one at a time.


    0
    dpkg -l | grep ^rc | cut -d' ' -f3 | xargs dpkg -P
    cyrusza · 2010-11-22 12:53:31 6
  • Save the debconf configuration of an installed package


    0
    debconf-copydb configdb copydb --pattern=<PACKAGE> --config="Name: copydb" --config="Driver: File" --config="Filename: ~/copydebconf.dat"
    ohe · 2011-08-29 14:00:42 3
  • Import a debconf configuration (from a copydebconf.dat file)


    0
    debconf-copydb copydb configdb --config="Name: copydb" --config ="Driver: File" --config="Filename: ~/copydebconf.dat"
    ohe · 2011-08-29 14:01:31 3
  • Remove all unused kernels with apt-get

    since awk was already there one can use it instead of the 2 greps. might not be faster, but fast enough


    0
    apt-get remove $(dpkg -l | awk "/^ii linux-(image|headers)/ && ! /`uname -r`/ {print \$2}")
    _john · 2011-10-09 13:58:47 4
  • Install 4 new package files

    after kernel build with make deb-pkg, I like to install the 4 newest packages that exist in the directory. Beware: might be fewer for you....


    0
    sudo dpkg -i `ls -tr *.deb | tail -n4`
    _john · 2011-10-09 14:20:11 3
  • Generate a list of installed packages on Debian-based systems

    This will print the name of every installed package on a Debian system.


    0
    aptitude search ~i -F %p
    dbbolton · 2011-10-15 00:31:10 8
  • Seach for packages on Debian using regex.

    # Search for an available package on Debian systems using a regex so it only matches packages starting with 'tin'.


    0
    aptitude search ^tin
    defiantredpill · 2011-10-20 17:51:36 3
  • Marks all manually installed deb packages as automatically installed.

    Marks all manually installed deb packages as automatically installed. Usefull to combine with apt-get install <all manually packages that we want> to have a clean installed debian-based system.


    0
    aptitude -F "%p" search \!~M~i~T | xargs apt-mark markauto
    gspadari · 2012-03-09 13:44:00 7
  • change default Web browser

    also use: update-alternatives --config gnome-www-browser


    0
    update-alternatives --config x-www-browser
    gwd · 2012-07-08 20:27:42 4
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Search recursively to find a word or phrase in certain file types, such as C code
I have a bash alias for this command line and find it useful for searching C code for error messages. The -H tells grep to print the filename. you can omit the -i to match the case exactly or keep the -i for case-insensitive matching. This find command find all .c and .h files

List your installed Chromium extensions (with url to each page)
Gives you a list for all installed chrome (chromium) extensions with URL to the page of the extension. With this you can easy add a new Bookmark folder called "extensions" add every URL to that folder, so it will be synced and you can access the names from every computer you are logged in. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Only tested with chromium, for chrome you maybe have to change the find $PATH.

Convert Squid unixtime logs in human-readable ones
On-the-fly conversion of Unix Time to human-readable in Squid's access.log

Recursively remove all empty directories

Run a command multiple times with different subcommands
it's nice to be able to use the command `ls program.{h,c,cpp}`. This expands to `ls program.h program.c program.cpp`. Note: This is a text expansion, not a shell wildcard type expansion that looks at matching file names to calculate the expansion. More details at http://www.linuxjournal.com/content/bash-brace-expansion I often run multiple commands (like apt-get) one after the other with different subcommands. Just for fun this wraps the whole thing into a single line that uses brace expansion.

list block devices
Shows all block devices in a tree with descruptions of what they are.

sed /pat/!d without using sed (no RE; limited to shell patterns aka globbing)
POSIX requires this "string truncating" functionality. might as well use it, at least for very small tasks where invoking sed and using RE is overkill.

Silently ensures that a FS is mounted on the given mount point (checks if it's OK, otherwise unmount, create dir and mount)
In my example, the mount point is /media/mpdr1 and the FS is /dev/sdd1 /mountpoint-path = /media/mpdr1 filesystem=/dev/sdd1 Why this command ? Well, in fact, with some external devices I used to face some issues : during data transfer from the device to the internal drive, some errors occurred and the device was unmounted and remounted again in a different folder. In such situations, the command mountpoint gave a positive result even if the FS wasn't properly mounted, that's why I added the df part. And if the device is not properly mounted, the command tries to unmount, to create the folder (if it exists already it will also work) and finally mount the FS on the given mount point.

List all databases in Postgres and their (byte/human) sizes, ordering by byte size descending
Get a listing of all of your databases in Postgres and their sizes, ordering by the largest size first. Requires that you give the -d parameter a valid database name that you can connect to.

print a python-script (or any other code) with syntax-highlighting and no loss of indentation

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